The card sharing, cardsharing also written and known as sharing control words is to allow multiple users access to Pay TV from a single pass up sharing.
The operation is made possible by sharing electronic decryption keys issued by these smart cards, allowing all recipients simultaneous access to encrypted stream of pay-TV.
In practice, a legitimate smart card administrator cardsharing network is connected to a television or a computer equipped with software dedicated to sharing “control words” 64-bit Internet. Once in possession of this key, the client can decrypt the encrypted content as if using its own subscription card.
Operation
Security of conditional access smart card is limited by the DVB standard security in which it is inserted. The standard function of a legitimate smart card is to decrypt an ECM (Entitlement Control Message), which provides the control word, which in turn allows the visualization of the scrambled content 1. With card sharing, smart cards and security features are bypassed, the software intercepts the decrypted control word and allows the user to share the Internet through a network. Several emulators of this type, called protocols, allow the interception and the transmission control word every 10 seconds. The best known of them is the protocol cccam 2. The identity of the developer is not known. Gbox newcamd protocols and 3 are also widespread.
Lawful use (multi-screen functionality)
Lawful use (multi-screen functionality)
The cardsharing could be considered legitimate within the same household by bringing a feature “multi-screen”. Content providers can often see strings with a second smart card, provided at an additional cost. An example is Sky Multiroom, UK. However, in some cases, the contract between the subscriber and the provider implicitly or explicitly prohibits this type of sharing card sharing. Many tutorials and online help to learn how to implement such a system at home.
Unauthorized use (piracy)
Unauthorized use (piracy)
The cardsharing has become a widespread method of hacking. Much of the software development necessary place in Europe, where borders between countries allow users to capture television signals by satellite from neighboring countries without being able to legally subscribe because of contractual restrictions on broadcasters.
Since the size of access keys is relatively short (64-bit) key distribution to many clients is easily possible through the Internet connection of an individual. This has led to the creation of card sharing networks, where users can access by sharing their subscription cards, in return, receive the channels that other users have deciphered. Other types of networks are created with servers with multiple cards connected. Access to these servers is then restricted to those who pay a subscription to the owner of the server.
An example of cardsharing system, known as Internet Key Sharing (IKS) in the United States, was launched by Charles Carillo, Connecticut. Between 2007 and 2010, Carillo marketed massively FTA decoder configured to receive illegally paying Dish Network programs through the use of card sharing servers.
Carillo marketed equipment through several “fronts” companies like WorldWide Satellite, Tequiste Enterprises and Power Pay Services.
In 2010 his business was closed and Charles Carillo was sentenced by the Federal Court to pay 666,000 dollars in damage to Dish Network.
Technical reliability
Technical reliability
The cardsharing is a very simple and very effective. This is why it is of particular concern conditional access providers and their pay-TV companies, as well as the DVB consortium. Sharing the card uses the interference of the DVB standard, DVB-CSA, meaning that each encrypted DVB content provider can potentially be affected by card sharing. In response to this problem, several cons-measures have been implemented by the various parties in order to prevent such practices permanently.
Securing decoders
Securing decoders
A technique introduced by suppliers as Irdeto and NDS is to update the software of digital decoders provided by pay-TV service. This update implements a software layer Additional Decryption inside the receiver. Rather than sending a password in clear control of the microprocessor chip in the decoder, which can be intercepted, decrypted ECM will actually be a control word encrypted, which can be decoded by a decoder legitimate incompatible with the cardsharing. A simpler method is used by many providers simply increase the frequency of change of control words. With periods such as a few seconds, the system is over-loaded cardsharing, generating short but frequent black screens and so to frustration for customers.
DVB-CSA 3
DVB-CSA 3
In 2007, the DVB Project approved and started a new encryption system, said CSA3 to protect the DVB content. This new system should try to eradicate most of the failures of the current system DVB-CSA, by introducing a system based 128-bit AES key. This system would be “hardware friendly and software unfriendly”, indicating that the reverse ingineering necessary to create applications cardsharing, be very difficult.
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